涤棉织物单面防水泡沫涂层工艺

通过泡沫整理法对涤棉织物进行单面防水整理,使其单面防水的同时反面具有良好的吸湿透气性能。复配了稳定型泡沫防水涂层剂,并探讨了该涂层工艺的最佳焙烘温度和时间。实验结果表明,最佳整理剂配方为防水剂与10%SDS溶液以2∶1混合,并添加CMC 10g/L,HEC 0.5g/L,PTF 5g/L,焙烘温度160℃,时间3min,效果最佳;织物带液率由传统整理的45%降至为26%,节约原料55%。     

三维正交机织复合材料的力学性能

测试了5种不同规格型号的三维正交机织复合材料以及同种型号增强体与两种不同树脂基体得到的复合材料的抗拉伸、抗弯曲力学性能,并分析了其破坏模式。结果表明:三维机织复合材料能有效阻止分层破坏,且纬向的力学性能明显好于径向,其力学性能也会随树脂基体力学性能的提高而有所提高,模量的变化尤其明显。     

Thermo gravimetric analysis and morphological behavior of castor oil based polyurethane–polyester nonwoven fabric composites

Castor oil (CO) based polyurethane (PU)– polyester nonwoven fabric composites were fabricated by impregnating the polyester nonwoven fabric in a reactive composition containing CO and diisocyanate. Composites were fabricated with two different isocyanates such as toluene‐2, 4‐diisocyanate (TDI) and hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI). Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) studies of the composites were performed to establish the thermal stability and their mode of thermal degradation. It was found that degradation of neat PU takes place in two steps and that of polyester nonwoven fabric reinforced PU composites takes place in three steps. From the TGA thermograms, a little improvement in thermal stability incase of polyester nonwoven fabric reinforced PU composites were noticed compared to unreinforced PUs. Degradation kinetic parameters were obtained for the composites using Broido, Coats and Redfern, and Horowitz and Metzger methods. Tensile fractured composite specimens were used to analyze the morphology of the composites by scanning electron microscopic technique. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2007     

Ventilation of a dead-end duct having a porous barrier

Analytic expressions for the flow and pressure in a dead-end duct which has loss of fluid through a porous wall are developed. The presence of an obstruction or auxiliary fan at the end of the duct is included. In either case there is a maximum permissible length of duct. As the duct length approaches this maximum, the main supply fan power and flow increase dramatically. There is no recirculation within the duct when there is an obstruction at the end of the duct. If an auxiliary fan is used, there is always recirculation. However the use of an auxiliary fan can yield major savings in total power requirements.     

棉织物的抗菌免烫整理研究

通过正交试验探讨了用H2 O2 氧化降解法制备适用于与聚羧酸MAA - 1配合进行抗菌免烫整理的低聚水溶性壳聚糖的最佳工艺 ,研究了降解壳聚糖与聚羧酸MAA - 1配合对棉织物进行抗菌免烫整理的工艺以及降解壳聚糖的质量浓度和相对分子质量对整理效果的影响。结果表明 :用 80g/L的聚羧酸MAA - 1和 4 0 g/L相对分子质量为 90 0 0的降解壳聚糖分两浴整理的棉织物的褶皱回复角为 2 71°,DP等级为 4 .0 ,断裂强力保留率为 6 4 % ,对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抗菌率分别为 94%和 83%。经过 2 0次洗涤 ,其WRA为 2 5 7° ,DP等级为 3.7,而抗菌率则均保持在洗涤前的 80 %以上。阴离子染料 (直接冻黄G)染色的K/S值较用聚羧酸MAA - 1整理的棉织物提高了 1 .85。     

基于视觉感知机制的织物疵点轮廓检测

针对传统人工织物疵点检测存在的误检及低效等问题,提出了一种基于视觉感知机制的自适应织物疵点轮廓检测方法.首先,模拟视觉系统中视网膜感受野对视觉信息的处理机制对织物疵点图像进行滤波及疵点增强;其次,依据初级视皮层(V1)区对视觉信息响应的方向选择性机制构建织物疵点图像边缘检测模型,实现对织物疵点图像的边缘检测.最后,采用自适应阈值选择的方法对检测到的边缘进行二次处理,获得织物图像疵点的轮廓.为验证本文方法的有效性和准确性,对4类织物疵点图像进行测试,并定性和定量两方面进行比较分析,结果表明文中提出的方法能够较好地检测出织物疵点轮廓信息,不仅可以得到质量较高的织物疵点轮廓图像,而且在整个检测过程中能够自适应的选择参数,避免受人的主观因素影响,具有实际的应用价值.     

纳米石墨烯整理涤棉织物防静电性能研究

研究纳米石墨烯整理涤棉织物的防静电性能。采用纳米石墨烯(G)作为防静电剂,水溶性聚氨酯(PU)为黏合助剂,通过轧-烘-焙方法对涤棉织物进行涂层整理并研究相关性能。通过扫描电子显微镜表征分析改性棉织物的表观形态和结构;采用表面电阻率作为衡量防静电的参数,并对其机械性能、透气性和耐水洗等服用性能进行测试。结果表明:随纳米石墨烯质量分数的增加,整理织物导电性能提高。当石墨烯添加量为0.5%(质量分数)时,其表面电阻率为3.98×10~(-4)Ω·m,具有优异的防静电性能。纳米石墨烯整理织物可应用于特殊行业静电防护服装和精密仪器静电防护套等。     

蛋白类防沾色剂与棉纤维作用机理探讨

探讨了自制蛋白类防沾色剂对棉纤维的吸附机理,包括动力学吸附性能和热力学吸附性能。结果表明,蛋白类防沾色助剂的最大吸收波长是190 nm,在此波长下蛋白类防沾色助剂的浓度与吸光度成线性关系;该防沾色剂在棉织物上的吸附过程为准二级动力学吸附;其最佳吸附温度为80℃;在棉织物上的吸附属于朗格缪尔(Langmuir)型,为化学定位吸附。     

贴身穿竹毛混纺针织物开发及性能测试

采用80S丝光羊毛纤维和3D毛型竹浆纤维混纺纱,混纺比例竹浆/丝光羊毛分别为30/70、50/50、70/30,进行针织物开发及舒适性探究。通过对混纺纱的强力、伸长率、耐磨性及毛羽进行测试,得出:实验结果均满足上机织造标准。以纬平针组织为例,织造出三种混纺比针织物,并对其透气性、透湿性和热导率进行了测试分析,实验结果表明:织物透气性、热导率随丝光羊毛含量的增加而降低,透湿量随之增加。     

吸湿发热纤维混纺针织物耐磨性和悬垂性研究

研究吸湿发热纤维混纺针织物的力学性能,就其耐磨性和悬垂性与纯棉织物、涤棉混纺织物做了对比,实验结果显示,吸湿发热纤维混纺针织物的耐磨性、悬垂性均优于纯棉,与涤棉混纺织物相比略差。通过对吸湿发热纤维混纺针织物力学性能的测试分析,为后续针织物的研究奠定基础。